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The history of the prediction of tides
Tides result from the attraction of the moon and sun on the seas. These cause a wave which varies the height of the water of the ocean and seas. Today, SHOM is (Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the Navy) which annually publishes the tide.
The story begins between 340 et 325 BC : Greek Pytheas discovered that the tides are controlled by the movement of the moon.. His astronomical observations were taken into consideration by scientists like Eratosthenes and Hipparchus and over time, his stories have appeared entirely credible. Astronomers have given its name to a lunar crater. He stated, at the time that the tides depended on the different phases of the Moon.
In the seventeenth century, l’astronome allemand Kepler est lui aussi convaincu que les marées sont provoquées par l »attraction de la lune mais aussi celle du soleil. He thinks that these two stars must exert a kind of magnetism on the waves.
Contradicted by Galileo, he abandoned his research and it was Newton, in 1687, with its principle of universal gravitation, demonstrating the attraction of the moon and sun on the water molecules.
In 1805, the physicien Français Laplace finally gives an explanation of the theory of tides.
A few years later, by combining different knowledge about the phenomenon, Lord Kelvin invented a mechanical machine for predicting tides : le « Tide Predictor » sera utilisé jusqu’en 1966 by SHOM to calculate the tides.